San Francisco Syncope Rule (SFSR)

Predicts which patients with syncope are at high risk for serious outcomes (death, MI, arrhythmia, PE, stroke, hemorrhage, or return ED visit) within 7-30 days.

Abnormal ECG *

Abnormal ECG

New ECG changes, arrhythmia, ischemic changes, blocks, etc.

Shortness of Breath *

Shortness of Breath

Shortness of breath at presentation or history of dyspnea

Systolic BP < 90 mmHg *

Systolic BP < 90 mmHg

Low SBP at any time during evaluation

Hematocrit < 30% *

Hematocrit < 30%

Age > 45 years *

Age > 45 years

Age >45 years (original rule); some versions use >50 or >65

CHF History *

CHF History

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