BDI-II: Beck Depression Inventory — II

Severity of depression. ≈ 5 minutes to complete.

psychiatry ≈ 5 minutes Updated 2026-05-06

Use the free alternative: PHQ-9 → Download printable PDF View source paper (DOI)
What is BDI-II? BDI-II (Beck Depression Inventory — II) is a validated instrument used to assess severity of depression. It is used in severity assessment of depressive symptoms in adults. Administration takes about 5 minutes.

What is BDI-II?

BDI-II (Beck Depression Inventory — II) is a validated reference instrument used to assess severity of depression. It is most often used for severity assessment of depressive symptoms in adults. Typical administration time is ≈ 5 minutes.

Source / attribution: Beck AT et al., 1996 — © Pearson

Limitations & common pitfalls

How BDI-II compares to other psychiatry scales

If BDI-II doesn't fit your context, related instruments in psychiatry include:

ScaleMeasuresItemsTime
PHQ-9Severity of depression9≈ 3 minutes
GAD-7Severity of generalized anxiety7≈ 2 minutes
ASA Physical StatusPre-operative health status1
Barthel IndexFunctional independence in ADLs10
CHA2DS2-VAScAnnual stroke risk in non-valvular atrial fibrillation8
Child-PughSeverity of cirrhosis and prognosis5
CURB-6530-day mortality in community-acquired pneumonia5
Glasgow Coma ScaleLevel of consciousness after head injury3

Frequently asked questions about BDI-II

What does BDI-II measure?

BDI-II (Beck Depression Inventory — II) is a validated instrument that assesses severity of depression. Its primary clinical use is severity assessment of depressive symptoms in adults.

How long does BDI-II take to complete?

BDI-II typically takes ≈ 5 minutes to administer. Time can vary slightly depending on whether it is self-administered or clinician-led.

Why isn't BDI-II scored interactively here?

BDI-II is copyrighted by Pearson and requires purchase. We cannot host the items or scoring.

Is there a free alternative to BDI-II?

Yes — PHQ-9. Public-domain depression screening tool with comparable performance.

What is the source paper for BDI-II?

Beck AT, Steer RA, Brown GK. Manual for the Beck Depression Inventory-II. San Antonio, TX: Psychological Corporation; 1996.

Can BDI-II replace clinical judgment?

No. BDI-II is a structured assessment aid. A score is one input alongside history, examination, and clinical context. Treatment decisions should never rest on a screening score alone.

References & validation

BDI-II is supported by the following peer-reviewed sources: