mRS: Modified Rankin Scale

Functional outcome after stroke. Free to use.

neurology 1 items Updated 2026-05-05

Score mRS below → Download printable PDF View source paper (DOI)
What is mRS? mRS (Modified Rankin Scale) is a validated instrument used to assess functional outcome after stroke. It comprises 1 item.

What is mRS?

mRS (Modified Rankin Scale) is a validated clinical instrument used to assess functional outcome after stroke. The instrument contains 1 item.

Source / attribution: van Swieten JC et al., Stroke 1988

Clinical context: when mRS is used

The instrument's primary construct — functional outcome after stroke — is operationalized through a fixed set of items, each with a defined response format. This standardisation is what allows mRS scores to be compared meaningfully across clinicians, sites, and studies.

Like all screening or assessment instruments, mRS is a structured aid — not a diagnostic test in isolation. Results should be interpreted alongside history, examination, and clinical context. Where a score crosses an actionable threshold, the next step is typically a more detailed clinical evaluation rather than a definitive diagnosis.

Score mRS

Answer all 1 item below to see your mRS score and interpretation.

Each item is scored on a 7-point scale (0–6). Your score updates live as you answer.

All scoring runs in your browser. No data is sent anywhere — close the tab and the answers are gone.

How mRS is scored

mRS uses simple summation: each item's selected response is converted to a numeric value, and the values are added to produce a total score. Reverse-scored items are inverted before summation.

Scoring notes: Educational use only.

mRS score interpretation

The cutoffs below are drawn from the published validation literature. Always interpret in clinical context.

Score rangeBandInterpretation
0–2Good outcomeGood outcome — independent.
3–5Poor outcomePoor outcome — disability.
6–6DeadDead.

How to score mRS: a step-by-step worked example

This is an illustrative walkthrough, not a real patient. Follow the same four steps with your own answers — or use the live calculator at the top of this page.

Step 1 — Score each item

Read each question and choose the response that best fits. Each response has a number next to it — that number is the item's score. The example below uses illustrative answers.

#ItemExample responseScore
1Functional grade4 — Moderately severe; unable to walk or attend to bodily needs without assistance4

Step 2 — Add up the scores

Add up all the item scores you noted in Step 1.

4 = 4

Step 3 — Look up the band

Find the row in the interpretation table whose range contains your total:

Total = 4 falls between 3 and 5Poor outcome

Step 4 — What does this mean clinically?

Poor outcome. Poor outcome — disability.

A score is one input alongside history and examination. mRS supports clinical judgment — it does not replace it.

Score mRS with your own answers above →

Limitations & common pitfalls

How mRS compares to other neurology scales

If mRS doesn't fit your context, related instruments in neurology include:

ScaleMeasuresItemsTime
Glasgow Coma ScaleLevel of consciousness after head injury3
MoCACognitive screening≈ 10 minutes
ABCD22-day stroke risk after TIA5
NIHSS (Lite)Stroke severity13
APGAR ScoreRapid assessment of newborn at 1 and 5 min5
ASA Physical StatusPre-operative health status1
CHA2DS2-VAScAnnual stroke risk in non-valvular atrial fibrillation8
CURB-6530-day mortality in community-acquired pneumonia5

Frequently asked questions about mRS

What does mRS measure?

mRS (Modified Rankin Scale) is a validated instrument that assesses functional outcome after stroke.

How many items are on mRS?

mRS contains 1 item. Items are summed to produce a total score.

What is a high mRS score?

Scores of 6–6 fall in the "Dead" band. Dead.

What is a low mRS score?

Scores of 0–2 fall in the "Good outcome" band. Good outcome — independent.

Is mRS free to use?

Yes — mRS is in the public domain and free for clinical, educational, and research use without permission.

What is the source paper for mRS?

van Swieten JC et al. Stroke. 1988;19(5):604-607.

Can mRS replace clinical judgment?

No. mRS is a structured assessment aid. A score is one input alongside history, examination, and clinical context. Treatment decisions should never rest on a screening score alone.

References & validation

mRS is supported by the following peer-reviewed sources: