Taimoor Asghar
Articles by this author
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Maintenance Fluid Calculation Using the 4-2-1 Rule
Learn how to calculate hourly maintenance IV fluids using the 4-2-1 rule, with formulas, worked examples, clinical cautions, and limitations.
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Pediatric Medication Dose Calculation: A Safety-Focused Guide
Learn how pediatric medication doses are calculated by weight, converted into liquid volumes, checked against limits, and administered more safely.
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How to Calculate Number Needed to Treat and Number Needed to Harm
Learn how to calculate NNT and NNH from event rates, interpret the results, avoid common errors, and compare treatment benefits with potential harms.
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Relative Risk vs Odds Ratio: Differences and Examples
Learn how relative risk and odds ratio differ, how to calculate each from a 2×2 table, and when each measure is appropriate in medical…
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How to Calculate Sensitivity, Specificity, PPV, and NPV
Learn how to calculate sensitivity, specificity, PPV, and NPV from a 2 × 2 table, with formulas, a worked example, and interpretation tips.
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Confidence Intervals Explained for Medical Research
Learn how confidence intervals quantify precision, support clinical interpretation, and improve the reporting of medical research findings.
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P Values Explained: Meaning, Misuse, and Limitations
Learn what p values mean, what they cannot prove, common misinterpretations, and how to report them alongside effect sizes and confidence intervals.
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How to Calculate Sample Size for a Clinical Study
Learn how to calculate sample size for clinical studies using effect size, power, significance level, variability, expected events, and dropout rates.
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CURB-65 Score Explained for Pneumonia Severity
Learn how the CURB-65 score assesses pneumonia severity, how each criterion is calculated, and why clinical judgment remains essential.
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Centor Score Explained for Strep Throat Assessment
Learn how the Centor score estimates the likelihood of streptococcal pharyngitis, guides testing, and supports responsible antibiotic use.