FINDRISC: Finnish Diabetes Risk Score

10-year risk of developing type 2 diabetes. Free to use.

endocrinology, primary care 8 items Updated 2026-05-06

Score FINDRISC below → Download printable PDF View source paper (DOI)
What is FINDRISC? FINDRISC (Finnish Diabetes Risk Score) is a validated instrument used to assess 10-year risk of developing type 2 diabetes. It comprises 8 items.

What is FINDRISC?

FINDRISC (Finnish Diabetes Risk Score) is a validated clinical instrument used to assess 10-year risk of developing type 2 diabetes. The instrument contains 8 items.

Source / attribution: Lindström J, Tuomilehto J. Diabetes Care. 2003;26(3):725-731.

Clinical context: when FINDRISC is used

Like all screening or assessment instruments, FINDRISC is a structured aid — not a diagnostic test in isolation. Results should be interpreted alongside history, examination, and clinical context. Where a score crosses an actionable threshold, the next step is typically a more detailed clinical evaluation rather than a definitive diagnosis.

Score FINDRISC

Answer all 8 items below to see your FINDRISC score and interpretation.

Each item is scored on a 4-point scale (0–4). Your score updates live as you answer.

All scoring runs in your browser. No data is sent anywhere — close the tab and the answers are gone.

How FINDRISC is scored

FINDRISC uses simple summation: each item's selected response is converted to a numeric value, and the values are added to produce a total score. Reverse-scored items are inverted before summation.

FINDRISC score interpretation

The cutoffs below are drawn from the published validation literature. Always interpret in clinical context.

Score rangeBandInterpretation
0–6Low riskApprox. 1 in 100 develop diabetes in 10 years.
7–11Slightly elevated riskApprox. 1 in 25.
12–14Moderate riskApprox. 1 in 6 — consider OGTT and lifestyle advice.
15–20High riskApprox. 1 in 3 — fasting glucose / HbA1c and intensive lifestyle support.
21–26Very high riskApprox. 1 in 2 — formal evaluation for diabetes.

How to score FINDRISC: a step-by-step worked example

This is an illustrative walkthrough, not a real patient. Follow the same four steps with your own answers — or use the live calculator at the top of this page.

Step 1 — Score each item

Read each question and choose the response that best fits. Each response has a number next to it — that number is the item's score. The example below uses illustrative answers.

#ItemExample responseScore
1Age45 – 542
2Body mass index (kg/m²)25 – 301
3Waist circumference (men / women)M 94–102 / F 80–883
4≥ 30 min daily physical activity at work and / or leisure?No2
5Eat vegetables / fruit / berries every day?No1
6Ever taken antihypertensive medication?Yes2
7Ever measured high blood glucose (e.g., screening, illness, pregnancy)?No0
8Family history of diabetes (type 1 or 2)Grandparent / aunt / uncle / cousin3

Step 2 — Add up the scores

Add up all the item scores you noted in Step 1.

2 + 1 + 3 + 2 + 1 + 2 + 0 + 3 = 14

Step 3 — Look up the band

Find the row in the interpretation table whose range contains your total:

Total = 14 falls between 12 and 14Moderate risk

Step 4 — What does this mean clinically?

Moderate risk. Approx. 1 in 6 — consider OGTT and lifestyle advice.

A score is one input alongside history and examination. FINDRISC supports clinical judgment — it does not replace it.

Score FINDRISC with your own answers above →

Limitations & common pitfalls

How FINDRISC compares to other endocrinology scales

If FINDRISC doesn't fit your context, related instruments in endocrinology include:

ScaleMeasuresItemsTime
MUSTScreen for adult malnutrition risk3
MNA-SFMalnutrition risk in older adults6
PHQ-9Severity of depression9≈ 3 minutes
GAD-7Severity of generalized anxiety7≈ 2 minutes
AUDIT10-item WHO screening tool for hazardous alcohol consumption and dependence.10≈ 3 min
CHA2DS2-VAScAnnual stroke risk in non-valvular atrial fibrillation8
Glasgow Coma ScaleLevel of consciousness after head injury3
MELD-Na3-month mortality in advanced liver disease; transplant prioritization5

Frequently asked questions about FINDRISC

What does FINDRISC measure?

FINDRISC (Finnish Diabetes Risk Score) is a validated instrument that assesses 10-year risk of developing type 2 diabetes.

How many items are on FINDRISC?

FINDRISC contains 8 items. Items are summed to produce a total score.

What is a high FINDRISC score?

Scores of 21–26 fall in the "Very high risk" band. Approx. 1 in 2 — formal evaluation for diabetes.

What is a low FINDRISC score?

Scores of 0–6 fall in the "Low risk" band. Approx. 1 in 100 develop diabetes in 10 years.

Is FINDRISC free to use?

Yes — FINDRISC is in the public domain and free for clinical, educational, and research use without permission.

What is the source paper for FINDRISC?

Lindström J, Tuomilehto J. The diabetes risk score: a practical tool to predict type 2 diabetes risk. Diabetes Care. 2003;26(3):725-731.

Can FINDRISC replace clinical judgment?

No. FINDRISC is a structured assessment aid. A score is one input alongside history, examination, and clinical context. Treatment decisions should never rest on a screening score alone.

References & validation

FINDRISC is supported by the following peer-reviewed sources: