PERC Rule: Pulmonary Embolism Rule-out Criteria

Rule out PE in low-risk patients. Free to use.

pulmonology, emergency 8 items Updated 2026-05-05

Score PERC Rule below → Download printable PDF View source paper (DOI)
What is PERC Rule? PERC Rule (Pulmonary Embolism Rule-out Criteria) is a validated instrument used to assess rule out pe in low-risk patients. It comprises 8 items.

What is PERC Rule?

PERC Rule (Pulmonary Embolism Rule-out Criteria) is a validated clinical instrument used to assess rule out pe in low-risk patients. The instrument contains 8 items.

Source / attribution: Kline JA et al., J Thromb Haemost 2004

Clinical context: when PERC Rule is used

The instrument's primary construct — rule out pe in low-risk patients — is operationalized through a fixed set of items, each with a defined response format. This standardisation is what allows PERC Rule scores to be compared meaningfully across clinicians, sites, and studies.

Like all screening or assessment instruments, PERC Rule is a structured aid — not a diagnostic test in isolation. Results should be interpreted alongside history, examination, and clinical context. Where a score crosses an actionable threshold, the next step is typically a more detailed clinical evaluation rather than a definitive diagnosis.

Score PERC Rule

Answer all 8 items below to see your PERC Rule score and interpretation.

All scoring runs in your browser. No data is sent anywhere — close the tab and the answers are gone.

How PERC Rule is scored

PERC Rule uses weighted summation: each item carries a fixed weight that is added when the response indicates a positive finding.

Scoring notes: Apply only when pre-test probability is low. Educational use only.

PERC Rule score interpretation

The cutoffs below are drawn from the published validation literature. Always interpret in clinical context.

Score rangeBandInterpretation
0–0PE ruled outPE ruled out — no further tests needed.
1–8Cannot rule out PECannot rule out by PERC alone — more testing needed.

How to score PERC Rule: a step-by-step worked example

This is an illustrative walkthrough, not a real patient. Follow the same four steps with your own answers — or use the live calculator at the top of this page.

Step 1 — Score each item

Mark each item Yes or No. Each "Yes" adds the item's weight; each "No" adds 0. The example below uses illustrative answers.

#ItemExample responseScore
1Age ≥ 50Yes1
2HR ≥ 100 bpmYes1
3SaO2 < 95% on room airYes1
4HemoptysisNo0
5Exogenous estrogen useYes1
6Prior DVT or PENo0
7Recent surgery or trauma (≤ 4 weeks, requiring GA)Yes1
8Unilateral leg swellingNo0

Step 2 — Add up the scores

Add the weights from the items where you marked "Yes" (skip the "No" answers — they contribute 0).

1 + 1 + 1 + 0 + 1 + 0 + 1 + 0 = 5

Step 3 — Look up the band

Find the row in the interpretation table whose range contains your total:

Total = 5 falls between 1 and 8Cannot rule out PE

Step 4 — What does this mean clinically?

Cannot rule out PE. PERC fails — proceed with D-dimer or imaging based on Wells.

A score is one input alongside history and examination. PERC Rule supports clinical judgment — it does not replace it.

Score PERC Rule with your own answers above →

Limitations & common pitfalls

How PERC Rule compares to other pulmonology scales

If PERC Rule doesn't fit your context, related instruments in pulmonology include:

ScaleMeasuresItemsTime
CURB-6530-day mortality in community-acquired pneumonia5
mMRC Dyspnea ScaleFunctional impact of breathlessness1
sPESI30-day mortality risk after acute PE6
Wells Score (PE)Pre-test probability of pulmonary embolism7
APGAR ScoreRapid assessment of newborn at 1 and 5 min5
ASA Physical StatusPre-operative health status1
CHA2DS2-VAScAnnual stroke risk in non-valvular atrial fibrillation8
Glasgow Coma ScaleLevel of consciousness after head injury3

Frequently asked questions about PERC Rule

What does PERC Rule measure?

PERC Rule (Pulmonary Embolism Rule-out Criteria) is a validated instrument that assesses rule out pe in low-risk patients.

How many items are on PERC Rule?

PERC Rule contains 8 items.

What is a high PERC Rule score?

Scores of 1–8 fall in the "Cannot rule out PE" band. Cannot rule out by PERC alone — more testing needed.

What is a low PERC Rule score?

Scores of 0–0 fall in the "PE ruled out" band. PE ruled out — no further tests needed.

Is PERC Rule free to use?

Yes — PERC Rule is in the public domain and free for clinical, educational, and research use without permission.

What is the source paper for PERC Rule?

Kline JA et al. J Thromb Haemost. 2004;2(8):1247-1255.

Can PERC Rule replace clinical judgment?

No. PERC Rule is a structured assessment aid. A score is one input alongside history, examination, and clinical context. Treatment decisions should never rest on a screening score alone.

References & validation

PERC Rule is supported by the following peer-reviewed sources: