SF-36: 36-Item Short Form Health Survey

Generic health-related quality of life. ≈ 10 minutes to complete.

general ≈ 10 minutes Updated 2026-05-06

Use the free alternative: RAND-36 → Download printable PDF View source paper (DOI)
What is SF-36? SF-36 (36-Item Short Form Health Survey) is a validated instrument used to assess generic health-related quality of life. It is used in generic health-related quality-of-life assessment. Administration takes about 10 minutes.

What is SF-36?

SF-36 (36-Item Short Form Health Survey) is a validated reference instrument used to assess generic health-related quality of life. It is most often used for generic health-related quality-of-life assessment. Typical administration time is ≈ 10 minutes.

Source / attribution: © OptumInsight (commercial license required)

Limitations & common pitfalls

How SF-36 compares to other general scales

If SF-36 doesn't fit your context, related instruments in general include:

ScaleMeasuresItemsTime
ASA Physical StatusPre-operative health status1
Barthel IndexFunctional independence in ADLs10
BDI-IISeverity of depression≈ 5 minutes
CHA2DS2-VAScAnnual stroke risk in non-valvular atrial fibrillation8
Child-PughSeverity of cirrhosis and prognosis5
CURB-6530-day mortality in community-acquired pneumonia5
Glasgow Coma ScaleLevel of consciousness after head injury3
GDS-15Depression screening in older adults15

Frequently asked questions about SF-36

What does SF-36 measure?

SF-36 (36-Item Short Form Health Survey) is a validated instrument that assesses generic health-related quality of life. Its primary clinical use is generic health-related quality-of-life assessment.

How long does SF-36 take to complete?

SF-36 typically takes ≈ 10 minutes to administer. Time can vary slightly depending on whether it is self-administered or clinician-led.

Why isn't SF-36 scored interactively here?

SF-36 is licensed by Optum and requires a paid license for online hosting.

Is there a free alternative to SF-36?

Yes — RAND-36. Same item set as SF-36, free with attribution to RAND.

What is the source paper for SF-36?

Ware JE Jr, Sherbourne CD. The MOS 36-item short-form health survey (SF-36). I. Conceptual framework and item selection. Med Care. 1992;30(6):473-483.

Can SF-36 replace clinical judgment?

No. SF-36 is a structured assessment aid. A score is one input alongside history, examination, and clinical context. Treatment decisions should never rest on a screening score alone.

References & validation

SF-36 is supported by the following peer-reviewed sources: